GINGER

1. A BRIEF HISTORY Ginger is a medicinal plant in the form of quasi-trunked clump of plants. Ginger comes from the Asia Pacific region that spread from India to China. Therefore these two nations is touted as the nation's first use of ginger as an ingredient, especially beverages, spices and traditional medicines. Ginger is included in the tribe-finding meeting (Zingiberaceae), a family with other findings such as the one between temu lawak (Cucuma xanthorrizh a), black Intersection (Curcuma aeruginos a), turmeric (Curcuma domestic a), kencur (Kaempferia galang a), galangal (Languas galanga) and others began to n. Names such as ginger ginger regions (Aceh), beeuing (Gayo), bahing (Batak Karo), sipodeh (Minangkabau), jahi (Lampung), ginger (Sunda), jae (Java and Bali), jhai (Madura), Melito ( Gorontalo), geraka (Ternate), etc..

2. PLANT DESCRIPTION Division Classification: Sub-division Spermatophyta: Angiospermae Class: Monocotyledoneae Order: Zingiberales Family: Zingiberaceae Genus: Zingiber Species: Zingiber officinale 2.2 Description
Terna trunked false, height 30 cm to 1 m, the roots when cut yellow or orange. Leaves narrow, length 15-23 mm, width 8-15 mm; hairy petiole, length 2-4 mm; form of aloe leaf lengthwise, length 7.5 to 10 mm, and not hairy; sheath somewhat hairy. Inflorescence a panicle protruding surface of the soil, egg-shaped rod or round the narrow, 2.75 - 3 times its width, very sharp; panicle length from 3.5 to 5 cm, width 1.5 to 1.75 cm pedicle almost hairless , 25 cm long, rarely hairy rahis; scales on the handle there are 5-7 pieces, lancet-shaped, lying close together or meeting, nearly hairless, length scales 3-5 cm rounded leaves egg-shaped protective inverted, rounded at the ends, not hairy , bright green, length 2.5 cm, width 1 to 1.75 cm; crown tubular flowers 2 to 2.5 cm, strand rather narrow, sharp-shaped, greenish yellow, length 1.5 to 2.5 mm , width from 3 to 3.5 mm, purple lips, dark, mottled yellowish white, length 12-15 mm; purple anthers, length 9 mm; stalk pistil

3. Types of Ginger Plants can be divided into three types based on size , shapes and colors rimpangnya. Commonly known three varieties of ginger, namely: 1) Ginger white / yellow large or also called elephant ginger or ginger rhizome rhino bigger and fatter, more bloated rhizome segments from the two other varieties. This type of bias ginger is consumed both when young and old-age, either as fresh ginger and ginger preparations. 2) Ginger and white / yellow small or also known as ginger or ginger ruasnya Sunti small, somewhat flat to slightly inflated. Ginger is always harvested after old age. The content of essential oil of ginger is bigger than the elephant, so it is more spicy, as well as high fiber. Ginger is suitable for herbs, or to extract oleoresin and essential oil. 3) Red ginger rhizome red and smaller than the small white ginger. the same as a small ginger, red ginger is always harvested after the elderly, and also contain the same essential oil with a small ginger, making it suitable for herbs.

4. BENEFITS OF CROP ginger rhizome can be used as a spice in cooking, flavor and taste in foods such as bread, cakes, biscuits, confectionery and a variety of
beverages. Ginger can also be used in the drug industry, perfume, traditional herbal medicine industry, processed into pickled ginger, made pickles, salad, bandrek, sekoteng and syrup. Today farmers use chilli ginger as a natural pesticide. In a trade sale in the form of fresh ginger, dried, powdered ginger and preserved ginger. In addition there is the processed ginger, such as: oil and koresin astiri obtained by distilling useful as ingredients in mixing alcoholic drinks, ice cream, sausage mixture and others. The benefits are pharmakologi among others are as carminative (peluruh fart), anti-vomiting, seizures relievers, anti hardening of blood vessels, sweat laxative, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and parasitic, anti piretik, anti-arthritic, and stimulate spending and sap sap gastric bile .

 5. There PLANTING CENTER throughout Indonesia, planted in the garden and in the yard. At this time a lot of ginger has been cultivated in Australia, Sri Lanka, China, Egypt, Greece, India, Indonesia, Jamaica, Japan, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan. Ginger from Jamaica has the highest quality, while India is the country's largest producer of ginger, which is more than 50% of total world production of ginger.

6. GROWTH CONDITIONS

6.1. Climate 1) ginger plant requires a relatively high rainfall, which is between 2500-4000 mm / year. 2) At the age of 2.5 to 7 months or more of the ginger plant requires sunlight. In other words ginger planting carried out in the open so it gets sun all day. 3) The temperature optimum for cultivation of ginger between 20-35 oC. 5.2. Media Planting 1) Plants grown ginger is best suited to the soil fertile, friable and contain lots of humus. 2) A good soil texture is sandy loam, sandy clay and soil laterik. 3) ginger plant can be grown on soil acidity (pH) of about 4.3 to 7.4. But the soil acidity (pH) is optimum for elephant ginger from 6.8 to 7.0. 5.3. Altitude Place 1) Ginger grows well in tropical and subtropical regions with an altitude of 0-2000 m above sea level.
2) in Indonesia are generally planted at an altitude of 200-600 m above sea leve