Wood Jabon

CLASSIFICATION
 Kingdom: Plantae (Plants)Subkingdom: Tracheobionta (vascular plants)Super Division: Spermatophyta (seed Produce)Division: Magnoliophyta (flowering plants)Class: Magnoliopsida (two pieces / dikotil)Sub Class: AsteridaeOrder: RubialesFamily: Rubiaceae (coffee-rate copies)Genus: AnthocephalusSpecies: Anthocephalus cadamba (Roxb.) Miq.English name: KadamThe name Indonesia: JabonLocal Name: Jabon, Jabun, only, kelampean (Java); Galupai,harapean, johan, kiuna, serebunaik (Borneo); bance,



Pute, loeraa, pontua, sugemania, pekaung, toa (Sulawesi);Gumpayan, kelapan, mugawe, sencari (NTB); aparabire,masarambi (Papua)
 


 DESCRIPTION OF PLANTJabon is one of the types of wood are growing very fast and can flourish in the tropical forest with an altitude of 0000-1000 m above sea level.Currently Jabon become a mainstay of the timber industry, including plywood, because Jabon has several advantages compared with other timber plants including sengon / Albasia. Growth capability commensurate with sengon / Albasia if received optimal care.



Plants Jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba Miq.) Prospect Cultivation Profitable Forestry. Utilization of forest resources through the development of people with this type of forest plantations in order to revitalize forestry priorities in Indonesia.
Habitus
Tree height can reach 45 m with a branch-free stem length of 30 m, diameter up to 160 cm. straight and cylindrical trunk, called high with horizontal branches, buttress to a height of 1.50 m. outer skin of brown to gray brown, slightly grooved shallow.
Fruit
Jabon trees bear fruit every year in the month of June to August. The fruit is a compound fruit is round and soft, containing very small seeds. Number of air dried seed 18-26 million grains / Kg. The number of grains per 33 kg of fruit or 320 grains / kerosene cans. Medium-sized fruit that can produce about 8,300 trees. Seeds that have been dried and stored in a place that was sealed in a cool room can hold for a year.
Growing Places
Grows in moist alluvial soil in the river and in the transition area between the marsh soil and dry soil that is sometimes flooded. Moreover, it can also grow well on clay, podzolic brown clay, finely ground tuff or rocky clay soil that does not nest. This species requires wet climates to dry in the dry deciduous forest type rainfall with AD, ranging from lowland until height of 1000 m above sea level.
General Characteristics
Color: white wood terrace quasi-pseudo-yellow, yellow is slowly becoming apparent pseudo-ivory, wood sapwood is indistinguishable from the wooden porch.Texture: The texture of the wood is rather soft to slightly kasar.Arah fiber: Direction of fibers straight, sometimes slightly cohesive.Raba impression: slick wooden surface or somewhat slippery.Gloss: shiny or clear wood surface somewhat shiny.
Quality Wood Jabon
Jabon is a hardwood plant that can grow very quickly. Trunk circumference at the age of 6 (six) years to reach the top 40-50 cm, the stem free from branches up to 60%, bright yellow color of the wood to white, and the wood does not sleep by insects, because that wood is very likely jabon exploited by timber industry.
Class hard and Durability
Class III hard and durable grade V
The usability of wood
Can be made as non-construction building materials (not suitable for building materials construction), furniture / furniture, plywood material (plywood), matchstick, pencil, finir, footwear, boards, boxes, plywood, paper materials can also makeclasses are, and others. The wood is also easy to dry, smooth surface, easily nailed to the wood, the drill and the glue, susutnya also low.
Growth
Growth is very fast compared to other hardwoods including when compared with sengon (Albasia), Jabon sengon classified as pioneer plants. He can grow in clay, podzolic brown clay, or rocky soil. So far jabon free of pests and diseases, including rust tumor that is now being attacked sengon.
From the results of trials that have been done, ADVANTAGES jabon plants can be described from several sides, which are:
* The growth of trees jabon very fast when compared to other hardwood species* The diameter of the stem can grow to around 10 cm / year* Trunked cylinder with a very good level of alignment* Does not require pruning because the branches will fall off the growth period (self pruning)* Jabon a short period of production, (Height rod at the age of 12 years can reach 20 meters) so that at the age of 4-6 years can already be harvested.
Jabon can flourish in tropical forests with ecological grown on:
Altitude: 10-2000m aslRainfall: 1250-3000m/thEstimated temperature: 100 C - 400 CSoil conditions (pH): 4.5 to 7.5.
Stem
Traits and characteristics of stem jabon were: wood surface smooth and perpendicular directions, creamy yellow meranti-like, rod easy to peel, dried, glued, free of knots and defects susutnya low and does not require pruning because the branches will fall off the growth of its own .
Planting And Care
Jabon is an easy plant to grow and develop not require much special treatment in its cultivation. Intercropping can also be done with some plants, especially plants that support fertility jabon tree itself. Jabon not demanding requirements of high growth, but for investment should be done on a fertile soil and good drainage. Spacing of 3 x 2 m or 5 x 5 m depending on the purpose of planting, pure or intercropping.Planting hole 30 x 30 x 30 cm or 40 x 40 x 40 cm depending on soil conditions.Compost 0-5 kg ​​is mixed with soil dug planting holes are then used to pile up the hole after planting. Basal fertilizer NPK 000-100 g per planting hole made in the wet season (December-January).
Marketing
Since this type of wood is yellowish white and with no visible fiber, then the wood is needed by the industry jabon plywood (plywood), furniture industry, pulp, fruit crate manufacturer, toys, lighters, Alas shoes, boards, plywood. This is what causes wood marketing jabon absolutely no trouble.